Japan’s declining population presents a huge challenge. Although immigration is a possible solution, it has traditionally been viewed as a taboo subject and has not been analyzed logically or objectively in Japan. A robust dialogue on immigration is essential to combating and solving the burdens that continued population decline will place on Japanese society. With the goal of playing a guiding role in that dialogue, JCIE is building upon its previous work—including its “Multicultural Power” and “Building a Multiethnic Society and Revitalizing Local Communities” projects—to implement a new series of initiatives that addresses population decline and a vision for accepting foreigners into Japan.